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. Ffib. 19: 1924.

Filed Dec. 15, 1921 S. H. FARNHAM ET AL CALCULATING AND RECORDINGMACHINE AND RECORD SHEET gvwemto' d $1,112 B oke M041 y WITNESSESPatented Feb. 19, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN H. FARNHAM, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, AND ARTHUR I. POOLE, OFKENIL- WORTH, ILLINOIS, .ASSIGNORS TO REMINGTON ACCOUNTING MACHINEconroaa' TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE AND RECORD SHEET.

Application filed December 15 1921. Serial No. 522,602.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, STEPHEN H. FARN- HAM and ARTHUR F. Poona, citizensof the United States, and residents, respectively, of

the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings,

city and State of New York and Kenilworth, county of Cook, and tate ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCalculating and Recording Machines and Record Sheets, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Our invention relates to means for im proving, in respect to facilityand accuracy,

the recording, reading and copying of numbers. Our invention includes arecord sheet especially desi ed to receive a record of numbers and italso includes typewriting and computing mechanism so marked as tofacilitate the handling of numbers with accuracy. Our invention isespecially useful Where the numbers to be handled are large.

To the above and other ends, our invention consists in certain featuresof construction and combinations and arrangements of devices and in acertain record sheet, all of which will be fully set forth herein andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

One instance of our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawingwhich consists of a conventional representation in front elevation of somuch of a Remington accounting machine as is necessary to anunderstandin of our invention, to ther with a record sl eetconventionally il ustrated as being on the platen of said machine inposition to have numbers copied from it and recorded on it.

In saiddrawing, the record sheet 1 is illustrated as mounted on theplaten 2 of a Remington accounting typewriter, of which there are alsoshown a portionofthefrontcross bar of the stationary base framework 3and the denominational tabulator keys 4, which latter 3 project forwardfrom; said frame bar andarenperated by pushing them toward: the rear ofthe machine The 2 Remington accounting machineincludes' thetypewritingfmechanism,- -thus partially shown, and=it-also1;includesthe; Wahl' ca culating mechanism of which wehaveshown four totalizers 5We :do notdeem it necessafly: either to illustrate or describe in de- 1the. Remington acco'untln'g machine, ;be,-

cause said machine is well known in the art. Our invention, in sofar asit includes said machine at all, is applicable to machines of thischaracter generally; that is to say, it is applicable to typewritingmachines and to calculating machines of various kinds.

The particular record sheet 1, shown in the drawing, is in the nature ofa loose leaf ledger sheet with columns ruled for debits, credits andbalances, but as far asour invention is concerned, it might be ruledforany other purpose requirin the recording and copying of numbers. achcolumn: of sheet 1 is adapted for recording amounts in United Statesmoney up-to and including hundreds of billions of dollars, and some; ofthe numbers shown recorded on said sheet by way of illustration havefrom eight to: thirteen digits. Previously in reading," writing andcopying such numbers and in. entering them into a calculating machine,close attention was required in order *to know where to begin and manymistakes were made by getting digits into the wrong denominationalpositions. If written in the ordinary Way, a number often digits doesnot differ greatly in appearance from a number of eleven digits,andthere is nothing in the appearanceof the number to guide the operatorreadily and with oertainty to the correctdenominational keys of amachine, such as the rows of numeral keys of a listing addingmachine orthe ,tabulator keys of a typewriter,

According to our invention we distinguish between the different decimal]periods, such as the usual periods of threedigitseach, by, making thesheet sothateach of saidperiods. has as a Whole a distinctiveappearance. The sheet 1 is shown ruledfor fouryertical, columns ofnumbers-(debits,credits; etc;.), and each column is, shown divided intofive vertical columns; bandsor stripes, a, 6, 65,613 and e, .each;stripe .adaptedto receiveqap ri of three i 0m the ca e o t e; first orright-hand stripe, the decimal point; and two digits. Saicl stripes maybe niarked 100 r y r l a lines 1Q. tr i rred r. a a e T w y i ainhat-bla k). and h t r gh colum 0 s r pi if u ent a ruled hrtie l.lesitlia 6, ion ..1,1'n s., tens: andhundreds, .;W-it h hor zontalg fthatp; for thousands, 't I ward the right downward the millions stripe dis left white; and the billions stripe e is ruled with lines inclined tothe right upward. The ruling shown is designed to illustrate difierentcolors according to the convention adopted by the United States PatentOfiice. According to said convention the strip or band a is shown as iftinted red; the stripe 22, blue; the stripe 0, green; the stripe 03,white; and the stripe e, purple. It will of course be understood thatany other set of colors or shades may be used, the idea being that thedifferent periods of digits are written on different columns or stripes,each stripe having a distinctive apearance. Preferably the colors arenot iieavy colors but are rather in the nature of tints. In copyingnumbers either by hand or on a typewriting machine from one such recordsheet to another, the 23 of the first number on the sheet shown in thedrawing need not be thought of as the 13th and 12th digits of a numberbut merely as occupying the second and first positions in the purplestripe. The 344 would be copied from one white stripe to another whitestripe of the same or another sheet, and so on. Undoubtedly an operatoraccustomed to the use of this sheet would soon learn to think ofbillions in connection with purple; millions in connection with white;thousands in connection with green, etc., and seeing the number writtenwith its first digit or digits in purle would instantly recognize thatthe num- Ber began in billions. If there are two digits in the purplestripe, the number begins in tens of billions, and so on.

According to modern practice these numbers are usually handled onmachines of some kind such as typewriting machines, calculating machinesor combined typewriting and calculating machines; and our inventioncontemplates making or arranging such machines in harmony with therecord sheets. For example, when a t pewriting machine is intended to beused or writing numbers, it is usually equipped with a denominationaltabulator having a series of keys 4 conveniently located, each of saidkeys when operated being adapted to release the type writer carriage andto arrest it at a denominational position determined by the particularone of the keys that is used. The drawing shows diagrammaticall thearrangement of these keys on the Ilemington typewriter. According to ourinvention, these keys are designated by the same means as thecorresponding period stripes on the paper. This could be done in variousways as, for example, by coloring the keys themselves. In the presentinstance, however, we have shown a band 6 of differing colors mounted onthe frame 3 just above the keys so that this band after a fashionsimulates the marking of the paper but magnified in a right and lefthanddirection so as to include the keys and reversed, said keys beingarranged in the reverse of their natural order. Said band above thetabulator keys devoted to billions is tinted purple; above the millionskeys it is white; above the thousands keys it is reen; and so on, thelast or decimal point key being marked red. The use of this device isobvious. In copying one of the numbers on the sheet 1 the operatorinstead of counting the digits in said number merely notes, for example,that the first digit occupies the position of lowest order, or thesecond position, as the case may be, in the purple column, and he willtherefore, when copying this number tabulate the carriage by the use ofthe first key, or the second as the case may be, beneath the purple partof the band 6. In other words, without troubling himself at all aboutthe number of digits he operates a key which bears the same positionwith relation to the colors in the band 6 that the digit itself doeswith relation to the colors in the columns on the paper from which hehas copied them. The keys are preferably also marked with the initialsof the various denominations so that if a number is notbeing copied fromone of these sheets but is being copied from some other source, he canfind the right key. \Vhen the number is thus Written, it willautomatically come into its proper position on the paper, each digit onits appropriate color.

In the use of the Remington accounting machine, it is frequentlynecessary to copy numbers on to the paper from the totalizers, such asthe totalizers 5 illustrated. Accordingly on each of said totalizers weplace above a line of register wheels 7 a color band 8 colored tocorrespond with the color scheme on the sheet 1; that is to say, thedecimal point and those wheels devoted to cents are marked red; theunits, tens and hundreds, blue; the thousands green, etc. This schemecombines both with the ruled sheet and also with the tabulator keys.Where it is necessary to compare numbers in the totalizers with numberson the sheet, the several digits should be in the same colored columnsand in the same positions in said columns in the totalizer as on thegaper. When it is necessary to copy a num er from the totalizer on tothe paper, the color mark on the totalizer instantly guides the operatorto the right tabulator key 4.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Equipment for handling numbers, comprising a calculatin machine and arecord sheet, said record 5 eet having a group of vertical bands indifferent colors, each band being of a width to receive a period ofthree figures; and the reading line of -said calculating machine havingthe decimal orders marked in periods with colors corresponding withthose of said record sheet.

2. Equipment for handling numbers, comprising a machine and a recordsheet, said record sheet havi a grou of vertical bands in different o lsors, each band being of a width to receive a period of three figures,and said machine having denominational ke s and period markin s for saidkeys in co ors correspondin with the period markings of the record seet.

3. Equipment for handling numbers, comprising a machine and a recordsheet, said record sheet having a grou of vertical bands in differentcolors, eac band being of a width to receive a period of three figures;and said machine having a denominational tabulator and period markingsfor said tabulator in colors corresponding to the period markings of therecord sheet.

4. Equipment for handling numbers comprising a calculatin machine and arecord sheet, said record sfieet having a group of vertical bands indifferent colors, each band being ofa width to receive a period of threefigures; and said calculating machine h'avin its reading line marked 1nperiods wit colors correspondin withrthose of said record sheet, andhavln also denominational keys and period mar inis for said ke s in coors corres onding to of the record sheet.

5 In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the com ination oftypewriting mechanism includin ta ulator mechanism, the eys of saidtabue period mar ings denominational.

latin mechanism having their denominationafi values indicated by colors;and calculating mechanism including a totalizer having thedenominational positions of its readin line correspondingly indicated bysaid co ors.

6. In a combined typewriting and calculating machine, the combinationwith typewriting mechanism including denominational tabulator mechanismand calculating mechanism including a totalizer, of a color bandadjacent the sight opening of said totalizer and designating thedenominational positions by colors, and another color band adjacent thetabulator keys and designating the denominational values of said keys bthe same colors as in the case of the total men 7 A record sheet havinga group of vertical bands in difl'erent colors, each band being of awidth to receive a period of three figures, said sheet for use in acombined recording and calculating machine having period markings incorresponding colors, whereby the copying of numbers with said machineon or from said record sheet may be accomplished with greater facility'and accuracy.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, cit of New York, in the county ofNew Yor and State of Newcember, A. D. 1921.

STEPHEN H. FARNHAM. ARTHUR F. POOLE. Witnesses:

CHARLES E. SMITH.

E. M. WELLs.

York, this 14th day of De-

